Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Instruction: Select the correct option for each question.
- What is a habitat?
a) Only the place where animals hunt
b) The place and conditions where an organism lives and survives
c) A community of only plants
d) Only the climate of an area - Which pair correctly shows biotic and abiotic components?
a) Soil (biotic), fish (abiotic)
b) Sunlight (biotic), bacteria (abiotic)
c) Tree (biotic), sunlight (abiotic)
d) Frog (abiotic), air (biotic) - A population is best defined as:
a) All living and non-living things in an area
b) Different species living together
c) Members of the same species in a given area and time
d) All plants in all habitats - Pollination is the transfer of:
a) Seeds from fruit to soil
b) Pollen from stamen to carpel
c) Roots to shoots
d) Water to leaves - Which sequence correctly shows a food chain?
a) Snake → Eagle → Grasshopper
b) Grass → Hare → Tiger
c) Eagle → Snake → Frog → Grasshopper
d) Frog → Grass → Grasshopper - Decomposers like mushrooms and bacteria are important because they:
a) Produce seeds
b) Make sunlight
c) Break down dead matter and recycle nutrients
d) Stop plant growth - In the pond example, removing fish can lead to less plant pollination because:
a) Fish pollinate flowers directly
b) Fish eat pollinators
c) Dragonflies increase and reduce pollinators, lowering pollination
d) Plants stop growing without fish - Producers in an ecosystem are:
a) Animals that hunt
b) Plants that make food by photosynthesis
c) Fungi that decompose
d) Humans only - Which interaction benefits both partners?
a) Parasitism
b) Competition
c) Mutualism
d) Predation - Why are mangroves like the Sundarbans valuable?
a) Only for tourism
b) They reduce floods, store carbon, and support biodiversity
c) They increase storms
d) They have no role in fisheries
Fill in the Blanks
Instruction: Fill in the blanks with the correct word based on the chapter.
- The living parts of a habitat are called __________ components.
- The non-living parts like air, water, soil, and light are __________ components.
- A group of different populations living and interacting in one area is called a __________.
- Plants are called __________ because they make their own food.
- Organisms that eat both plants and animals are called __________.
- Interconnected feeding relationships form a __________.
- Organisms like fungi and bacteria that break down dead matter are called __________.
- The position of an organism in a food chain is its __________ level.
- Cutting too many trees and pollution can disturb __________ balance.
- Areas like national parks and sanctuaries are set aside as __________ areas.
Very Short Answer Questions
Instruction: Answer the following questions in one line.
- Define habitat.
- What is pollination?
- Name the three main consumer types.
- Who are decomposers? Give one example.
- What is one role of migratory birds?
Short Answer Questions
Instruction: Answer the following questions in 2–3 lines.
- How are biotic and abiotic components linked in an ecosystem?
- Why does diversity in a habitat help maintain balance?
- Explain the pond cascade when fish are removed.
- How do mangroves protect coasts and climate?
- Why can overuse of pesticides harm farms long-term?
Match the Following
Instruction: Match Column A with the correct option in Column B.
- Column A:
1) Producer
2) Decomposer
3) Mutualism
4) Trophic level
5) Protected area - Column B:
a) Relationship where both partners benefit (e.g., bees–flowers)
b) Position of an organism in a food chain
c) National park/sanctuary conserving habitats
d) Plant making food via photosynthesis
e) Mushroom/bacteria recycling nutrients