Q1: What is weather?
Ans: Weather is the daily condition of the atmosphere, such as rain, sunshine, or wind.
Q2: What is climate?
Ans: Climate is the average weather pattern in a region over many years.
Difference between Weather and Climate
Q3: How many main seasons are there in India?
Ans: There are five main seasons in India, including the monsoon season.
Q4: What is the traditional Indian name for spring?
Ans: The traditional Indian name for spring is vasanta.
Q5: Why do animals grow thick fur in winter?
Ans: Animals grow thick fur in winter to stay warm in cold weather.
Q6: What type of climate does the Himalayas have?
Ans: The Himalayas have an alpine climate with snowy winters and cool summers.
Q7: Which Indian region has a subtropical climate?
Ans: The Northern Plains have a subtropical climate with hot summers and cold winters.
Q8: What is the climate like in the Thar Desert?
Ans: The Thar Desert has an arid climate with very hot days and cool nights.
Q9: Name one hill station in the Lower Himalayas.
Ans: Shimla is a hill station in the Lower Himalayas.
Q10: What kind of climate is found on India’s western coast?
Ans: India’s western coast has a tropical wet climate with heavy rainfall.
Q11: How does latitude affect climate?
Ans: Places near the Equator are hotter due to direct sunlight.
Q12: Which Indian city stays warm year-round because of its latitude?
Ans: Kanyakumari stays warm year-round due to its location near the Equator.
Q13: Why are hill stations cooler than plains?
Ans: Hill stations are cooler because higher altitude reduces temperature.
Q14: What is the effect of the sea on coastal climate?
Ans: The sea keeps coastal areas cooler in summer and warmer in winter.
Coasts of India
Q15: Which inland city has extreme temperatures: Mumbai or Nagpur?
Ans: Nagpur has more extreme temperatures because it is inland.
Q16: What are hot, dry summer winds from the desert called?
Ans: Hot, dry winds from the desert are called heat waves.
Q17: What role do the Himalayas play in India’s climate?
Ans: The Himalayas block cold winds from Central Asia.
Q18: What is topography?
Ans: Topography refers to the shape and features of the land, like hills and plains.
Q19: What is a microclimate?
Ans: A microclimate is a small area with a different climate than its surroundings.
Q20: What causes the summer monsoon?
Ans: The summer monsoon is caused by pressure differences between land and ocean.
Q21: Which part of India gets winter monsoon rainfall?
Ans: East and south India get rainfall during the winter monsoon.
Wind Movement
Q22: What does the word “monsoon” mean?
Ans: The word “monsoon” comes from the Arabic word “mausim,” meaning season.
Q23: Which Indian village gets the world’s highest rainfall?
Ans: Mawsynram in Meghalaya receives the world’s highest rainfall.
Q24: What is a cyclone?
Ans: A cyclone is a storm with strong winds and rain caused by a low-pressure system.
Q25: Name one greenhouse gas that causes climate change.
Ans: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a greenhouse gas that causes climate change.