Social Science for Class 8 ( Worksheet )

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1. Which of the following is not a factor of production?
(a) Land
(b) Labour
(c) Money
(d) Entrepreneurship

Q2. In economics, “land” refers to—
(a) Only soil and ground
(b) All natural resources used for production
(c) Only forests
(d) Only minerals

Q3. Human effort, both physical and mental, used in the production process is called—
(a) Capital
(b) Labour
(c) Entrepreneurship
(d) Technology

Q4. The knowledge, skills, and expertise of workers are called—
(a) Land
(b) Human capital
(c) Physical labour
(d) Entrepreneurship

Q5. Which two main facilitators help build strong human capital?
(a) Wealth and inheritance
(b) Education and healthcare
(c) Minerals and forests
(d) Elections and democracy

Q6. Capital in production refers to—
(a) Only money
(b) Durable assets like machinery, tools, and buildings plus money
(c) Only human resources
(d) Only natural resources

Q7. The person who takes risk, combines resources, and creates businesses is called—
(a) Worker
(b) Capitalist
(c) Entrepreneur
(d) Educator

Q8. Which Indian business leader founded India’s first airline in 1932?
(a) Dhirubhai Ambani
(b) J.R.D. Tata
(c) Ratan Tata
(d) Verghese Kurien

Q9. Which of the following shows how technology helps production?
(a) Pulleys and wheelbarrows in ancient times
(b) UPI for faster payments today
(c) Drones spraying fertilizers
(d) All of these

Q10. India became the first country in 2014 to pass a law requiring companies to spend part of their profits on—
(a) Exports
(b) Corporate Social Responsibility
(c) Workers’ salaries
(d) Import duties

Match the Following

True or False

Q1. Human capital is the same as human labour.
Q2. Education and training improve the productivity of workers.
Q3. J.R.D. Tata started the first steel plant in India.
Q4. Technology reduces barriers to learning and jobs.
Q5. In economics, capital also includes buildings, tools, and machinery.
Q6. CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) means ignoring society’s welfare and focusing only on profits.

Fill in the Blanks

Q1. The four main factors of production are land, labour, capital, and ______.
Q2. Knowledge and skills that make labour more effective are called ______ capital.
Q3. Good ______ helps workers be healthy and productive.
Q4. The concept of kaizen, meaning continuous improvement, comes from ______.
Q5. J.R.D. Tata founded ______ Airlines in 1932.
Q6. Money borrowed from a bank must be repaid with ______.
Q7. In 2014, India made CSR spending by companies ______ under law.

Very Short Answer Questions

Q1. Define factors of production.
Q2. Give two examples of natural resources used in production.
Q3. What is the difference between labour and human capital?
Q4. Name two ways societies can build human capital.
Q5. What is capital? Give one example.
Q6. Who is called an entrepreneur?
Q7. Mention one contribution of J.R.D. Tata to India.
Q8. Give two examples of technology used in modern production.
Q9. What does CSR stand for?
Q10. Why should factors of production be used responsibly?​​​​

You can find Worksheet Solutions here: Worksheet Solutions: Factors of Production

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1. The Parliament of India consists of—
(a) Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha only
(b) The President and Lok Sabha
(c) The President, Lok Sabha, and Rajya Sabha
(d) The Prime Minister and Lok Sabha

Q2. How many Lok Sabhas have been formed as of June 2024?
(a) 15
(b) 16
(c) 17
(d) 18

Q3. Who presides over the sessions of the Lok Sabha?
(a) President
(b) Vice President
(c) Speaker
(d) Prime Minister

Q4. Who is the chairperson of the Rajya Sabha?
(a) Prime Minister
(b) Speaker
(c) Vice President of India
(d) President of India

Q5. Which of the following is not a legislative function of Parliament?
(a) Making laws
(b) Checking the government
(c) Signing bills into law
(d) Approving budgets

Q6. In the lawmaking process, a proposal for a law is called—
(a) Act
(b) Bill
(c) Gazette
(d) Clause

Q7. Article 21A of the Constitution makes education for children of which age group a Fundamental Right?
(a) 0 to 6 years
(b) 6 to 14 years
(c) 14 to 18 years
(d) 18 to 21 years

Q8. The President appoints the Prime Minister based on—
(a) Seniority in Parliament
(b) Support of the majority in Lok Sabha
(c) Rajya Sabha majority
(d) Governor’s recommendation

Q9. Which list allows both Union and State governments to make laws?
(a) Union List
(b) State List
(c) Concurrent List
(d) Federal List

Q10. Which former Prime Minister resigned as Railway Minister in 1956 after a train accident?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(c) Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(d) Morarji DesaiMatch the Following

True or False

Q1. The Rajya Sabha is a permanent house and never dissolves completely.
Q2. Only State governments can legislate on Defence and Foreign Affairs.
Q3. The Parliament meets three times a year—Budget, Monsoon, and Winter Sessions.
Q4. Money Bills can only be introduced in the Rajya Sabha.
Q5. Judiciary acts as the guardian of the Constitution.
Q6. All states in India have a bicameral legislature with two houses.Fill in the Blanks

Q1. The Indian Parliament follows a ______ system consisting of two houses.
Q2. The presiding officer of the Lok Sabha is called the ______.
Q3. The RTE Act makes education for children aged ______ to ______ a Fundamental Right.
Q4. The Prime Minister and Council of Ministers are collectively responsible to the ______.
Q5. The ______ appoints the Prime Minister of India.
Q6. In case of conflict in the Concurrent List, the ______ law prevails.
Q7. ______ Hour in the Lok Sabha is used by MPs to hold ministers accountable.Very Short Answer Questions

Q1. What is meant by the term “bicameral legislature”?
Q2. Who are the members of the Union Executive?
Q3. What is meant by federalism?
Q4. Define a ‘bill’ in the context of Parliament.
Q5. What is the role of the Judiciary in checks and balances?
Q6. Mention two states that have bicameral legislatures.
Q7. What are the three lists in the Constitution that divide subjects for lawmaking?
Q8. Why are legislatures important in a democracy?
Q9. State one major challenge faced by India’s legislatures.
Q10. Who said in the Lok Sabha, “Governments will come and go, parties will rise and fall, but the nation and its democracy must endure”?

You can find Worksheet Solutions here: Worksheet Solutions: The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1. What is the minimum age to vote in India?
(a) 16 years
(b) 18 years
(c) 21 years
(d) 25 years

Q2. Which Article of the Indian Constitution ensures the universal adult franchise?
(a) Article 324
(b) Article 21
(c) Article 326
(d) Article 14

Q3. Which body is responsible for conducting free and fair elections in India?
(a) Parliament of India
(b) Supreme Court of India
(c) Election Commission of India
(d) Planning Commission

Q4. How many constituencies are there for Lok Sabha elections?
(a) 545
(b) 500
(c) 543
(d) 520

Q5. Members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by:
(a) The citizens of India directly
(b) Members of State Legislative Assemblies
(c) The President of India
(d) Governors of States

Q6. Which voting system is used in Lok Sabha elections?
(a) Proportional Representation
(b) Single Transferable Vote
(c) First-Past-the-Post
(d) Indirect Voting

Q7. The “Festival of Democracy” refers to:
(a) Cultural festivals in India
(b) General Elections
(c) Independence Day celebrations
(d) Republic Day

Q8. The President of India is elected by:
(a) All Indian citizens
(b) Judges of the Supreme Court
(c) An Electoral College of MPs and MLAs
(d) Only MPs of Lok Sabha

Q9. Who was the Chief Election Commissioner famous for strict electoral reforms in the 1990s?
(a) Sukumar Sen
(b) Rajiv Gandhi
(c) T.N. Seshan
(d) K.R. Narayanan

Q10. One major challenge of India’s elections is:
(a) Small population
(b) Lack of diversity
(c) Money power and criminalization in politics
(d) Limited number of eligible voters

Match the Following

True or False

Q1. Every Indian citizen above 21 years can vote.
Q2. The Lok Sabha has 543 constituencies for elections.
Q3. The Rajya Sabha never dissolves completely.
Q4. Women in India got the right to vote in 1950, much later than Switzerland.
Q5. The Election Commission of India was established in 1950.
Q6. The Model Code of Conduct prevents political leaders from misusing government resources during elections.

Fill in the Blanks

Q1. The right to vote in India is based on ______ adult franchise.
Q2. The Chief Election Commissioner in the 1990s who brought strict reforms was ______.
Q3. Lok Sabha members are also called ______.
Q4. The minimum voting age in India is ______ years.
Q5. Elections in India are often called the “Festival of ______.”
Q6. The Rajya Sabha is also known as the ______ House.
Q7. Article ______ of the Indian Constitution provides for universal adult franchise.

Very Short Answer Questions

Q1. Define Universal Adult Franchise in one sentence.
Q2. Who can vote in India?
Q3. What is the value of each vote in India?
Q4. Who conducts the elections in India?
Q5. What is the role of the State Election Commission?
Q6. What do MPs and MLAs stand for?
Q7. Write one key feature of the Model Code of Conduct.
Q8. Why is the Rajya Sabha called the “Permanent House”?
Q9. Which method of voting is used to elect the President of India?
Q10. Mention one challenge faced in conducting elections in India.

You can find Worksheet Solutions here: Worksheet Solutions: Universal Franchise and India’s Electoral System

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1. What is colonialism?
(a) One country taking control of another, imposing political, economic, and cultural systems
(b) Trading goods between countries
(c) Forming alliances for protection
(d) Promoting local cultures

Q2. Which European explorer arrived in India in 1498, marking the start of European colonisation?
(a) Christopher Columbus
(b) Vasco da Gama
(c) Ferdinand Magellan
(d) Robert Clive

Q3. The Portuguese used which system to control trade in the Arabian Sea?
(a) Subsidiary Alliance
(b) Cartaz pass system
(c) Doctrine of Lapse
(d) Divide and Rule

Q4. Which Indian queen resisted Portuguese control in Ullal using alliances and fireballs made from coconut shells?
(a) Rani Lakshmibai
(b) Rani Abbakka
(c) Begum Hazrat Mahal
(d) Rani Durgavati

Q5. The Dutch lost control in India after which battle?
(a) Battle of Plassey
(b) Battle of Colachel
(c) Battle of Buxar
(d) Battle of Panipat

Q6. Which European power established a trading post in Pondicherry in 1674?
(a) Portuguese
(b) Dutch
(c) French
(d) British

Q7. What strategy did the British use to become rulers while pretending to be traders?
(a) Subsidiary Alliance
(b) Divide and Rule
(c) Cartaz system
(d) Assimilation policy

Q8. The Doctrine of Lapse allowed the British to annexe princely states on what condition?
(a) Ruler died without a natural male heir
(b) Ruler converted to Christianity
(c) The territory was conquered by the British army
(d) Ruler was voted out

Q9. What was one major cause of the Bengal Famine of 1770–72?
(a) Crop failure only
(b) British taxation demands during the famine
(c) War destruction
(d) Natural drought alone

Q10. Which Indian leader wrote about the drain of India’s wealth caused by British rule?
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Romesh Chunder DuttMatch the Following

True or False

Q1. The British used a ‘divide and rule’ policy to control India.
Q2. The Portuguese Inquisition in Goa lasted until the early 19th century.
Q3. The French extensively interfered in Indian social and religious customs.
Q4. The Bengal Famine killed around 10 million people due to both crop failure and British policies.
Q5. The Battle of Plassey was won with the help of Mir Jafar’s betrayal of Nawab Siraj-ud-daulah.
Q6. The British Crown took over direct control of India from the East India Company after 1857.Fill in the Blanks

Q1. Colonialism began in the __________ century with European expansion.
Q2. Vasco da Gama landed at __________ in India.
Q3. __________ was the colonial capital of Portuguese India.
Q4. The British used the __________ strategy to exploit rivalries among Indian rulers.
Q5. The __________ rebellion of 1857 is considered a major turning point in Indian resistance.
Q6. The __________ rebellion was led by ascetics opposing British tax policies.
Q7. The British education policy was shaped by Thomas __________.Very Short Question Answers

Q1. What was the main goal of European colonialism?
Q2. Name the European powers that competed for control over India.
Q3. Who were Rani Abbakka I and II?
Q4. What was the significance of the Battle of Plassey?
Q5. Explain the Doctrine of Lapse briefly.
Q6. What caused the Bengal Famine of 1770 to become so deadly?
Q7. Name one way the British changed traditional Indian industries.
Q8. Who was Begum Hazrat Mahal, and what role did she play?
Q9. How did the British education policy divide Indian society?
Q10. What was one unintended positive consequence of colonial rule in India?

You can find Worksheet Solutions here: ​Worksheet Solutions: The Colonial Era in India ​​​

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1. The Marathas primarily hail from which region?
(a) Punjab
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Gujarat
(d) Rajasthan

Q2. The Maratha leader who founded the kingdom and envisioned Swarajya was—
(a) Sambhaji
(b) Tarabai
(c) Shivaji
(d) Bajirao I

Q3. Which military tactic was Shivaji famous for?
(a) Large-scale infantry battles
(b) Naval warfare only
(c) Guerrilla warfare
(d) Siege warfare only

Q4. The council of ministers established by Shivaji was known as—
(a) Peshwa
(b) Ashta Pradhana Mandala
(c) Diwan
(d) Mansabdari

Q5. The Maratha tax called ‘chauth’ was approximately—
(a) 10%
(b) 15%
(c) 25%
(d) 50%

Q6. Who led the Maratha Navy in the 18th century, earning a reputation as a formidable admiral?
(a) Kanhoji Angre
(b) Sambhaji
(c) Mahadji Shinde
(d) Nana Phadnavis

Q7. Which queen led Maratha resistance after Rajaram’s death?
(a) Ahilyabai Holkar
(b) Tarabai
(c) Jijabai
(d) Rani Durgavati

Q8. The capital fort of Shivaji’s kingdom was—
(a) Daulatabad
(b) Raigad
(c) Purandar
(d) Pratapgad

Q9. Which Maratha ruler is credited for organizing the first pan-Indian anti-British alliance?
(a) Nana Phadnavis
(b) Bajirao I
(c) Mahadji Shinde
(d) Peshwa Balaji Bajirao

Q10. The script primarily used by Marathas for correspondence was—
(a) Devanagari
(b) Modi
(c) Persian
(d) Kannada

Match the Following 

True or False

Q1. Shivaji abolished hereditary posts and paid officials salaries.

Q2. The Maratha army included only infantry and cavalry, no navy.

Q3. Chauth was a tax levied only on territories directly ruled by Marathas.

Q4. Ahilyabai Holkar was known for charitable works and temple restoration.

Q5. The Marathas had modern ships that matched European technology.

Q6. Trade and infrastructure development were supported under Maratha rule.

Fill in the Blanks

Q1. The Maratha movement for self-rule is called ________.

Q2. Shivaji’s council of eight ministers was called ________.

Q3. The tax called ‘chauth’ amounted to ________ percent of revenue.

Q4. The famous Maratha naval commander was ________.

Q5. The fort at which Shivaji was crowned is called ________.

Q6. The script used for Maratha official correspondence was called ________.

Q7. The leader credited with uniting Indian powers against the British was ________.

Very Short Question Answers

Q1. Who was Shivaji and why is he important?

Q2. What was guerrilla warfare used by the Marathas?

Q3. What was the ‘chauth’ tax?

Q4. How did the Marathas challenge European naval power?

Q5. Name two cultural contributions of the Marathas.

Q6. Who was Tarabai and what was her role?

Q7. Describe the Maratha administrative system under Shivaji.

Q8. What was Nana Phadnavis known for?

Q9. How did Marathas support trade and infrastructure?

Q10. How did forts help the Marathas?You can find Worksheet Solutions here:  Worksheet Solutions: The Rise of Marathas

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1. The Delhi Sultanate was established in the year___________
(a) 1100 CE
(b) 1192 CE
(c) 1250 CE
(d) 1325 CE

Q2. Which dynasty did NOT belong to the Delhi Sultanate?
(a) Mamluks
(b) Khiljis
(c) Tughlaqs
(d) Gajapatis

Q3. Who introduced the token currency in medieval India?
(a) Ala-ud-din Khilji
(b) Babur
(c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
(d) Sher Shah Suri

Q4. The Sun Temple at Konark was built by___________
(a) Krishnadevaraya
(b) Narasimhadeva I
(c) Rana Kumbha
(d) Malik Kafur

Q5. The capital of the Vijayanagara Empire was___________
(a) Delhi
(b) Madurai
(c) Hampi
(d) Bijapur

Q6. Who was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India?
(a) Akbar
(b) Babur
(c) Humayun
(d) Sher Shah Suri

Q7. Which Mughal ruler is known for abolishing the jizya tax and promoting sulh-i-kul?
(a) Jahangir
(b) Akbar
(c) Shah Jahan
(d) Aurangzeb

Q8. The Battle of Saraighat was fought between the Mughals and the___________
(a) Rajputs
(b) Sikhs
(c) Ahoms
(d) Hoysalas

Q9. Which Sikh Guru founded the Khalsa in 1699?
(a) Guru Nanak
(b) Guru Tegh Bahadur
(c) Guru Gobind Singh
(d) Guru Arjan

Q10. Babur’s memoirs are called___________
(a) Ain-i-Akbari
(b) Baburnama
(c) Akbarnama
(d) Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri

Match the Following 

True or False

Q1. The iqta system made administrative positions hereditary in the Delhi Sultanate.
Q2. Timur’s invasion left Delhi devastated in the late 14th century.
Q3. Krishnadevaraya was a great builder and patron of literature.
Q4. Akbar started the jizya tax on non-Muslims.
Q5. Ahom warriors used their knowledge of terrain to defeat the Mughals at Saraighat.
Q6. Guru Gobind Singh introduced the Khalsa for strengthening Sikh identity.

Fill in the Blanks

Q1. Prithviraj Chauhan was defeated in ________, establishing the Delhi Sultanate.
Q2. The Vijayanagara Empire was founded by two brothers, ________ and ________.
Q3. The Rajput leader who resisted Akbar at the Battle of Haldighati was ________.
Q4. Babur’s army used ________ and ________ in the First Battle of Panipat.
Q5. Trade and ________ were economic strengths of medieval India.
Q6. Temples served as centers of ________, learning, and culture.
Q7. The Ahoms defeated the Mughals in the Battle of ________.

Very Short Question Answers

Q1. What is meant by “medieval period” in Indian history?
Q2. Name any two dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate.
Q3. Who was Timur and what was the impact of his invasion?
Q4. Why did Muhammad bin Tughlaq shift his capital, and what happened as a result?
Q5. Mention one reason for the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire.
Q6. What was the jizya tax?
Q7. Name the founder of the Bahmani Sultanate.
Q8. Who was Rani Durgavati and why is she remembered?
Q9. What was a hundi?
Q10. Mention one contribution of Akbar to literature and culture.

You can find Worksheet Solutions here: Worksheet Solutions: Reshaping India’s Political Map

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1. Resources that we find in nature and are used without much modification are called ………………
(a) Human Resources
(b) Natural Resource
(c) Renewable Resource
(d) Human Made Resource

Q2. How are natural resources primarily categorized?
(a) By color
(b) By use and renewability
(c) By size
(d) By location

Q3. Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?
(a) Coal
(b) Petroleum
(c) Solar energy
(d) Natural gas

Q4. What factor can change substances into resources?
(a) Air
(b) Time and technology
(c) Water
(d) Soil

Q5. What is the main focus of sustainable development?
(a) Exploiting resources for short-term gain
(b) Using resources carelessly
(c) Balancing present needs with future conservation
(d) Wasting resources

Q6. Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
(a) Solar energy
(b) Timber
(c) Coal
(d) Wind

Match the Following 

True or False

Q1. Natural resources include only those substances that have economic value.
Q2. Renewable resources can never be depleted or exhausted.
Q3. Overexploitation of renewable resources can disrupt nature’s restoration and regeneration cycles.
Q4. Resource conservation involves using resources carelessly without thinking about the future.
Q5. Sustainable development aims to balance the use of resources for current needs and conserve them for the future.

Fill in the Blanks

Q1: All ___________ have some utility and value.

Q2: _______ is an example of a resource essential for life. 

Q3: Human beings use ________ and _________ to develop resources.

Q4: ________is an example of a renewable resource that can be depleted if overused.

Q5: _______or _______ makes an object or substance a resource.

Q6: _____________ is an example of a non-renewable resource used for energy

Very Short Question Answers

Q1. What are non-renewable resources?
Q2. What do you mean by stock of resource?
Q3.  How are natural resources classified by their use?
Q4.  Why must renewable resources be used sustainably?
Q5. How does the uneven distribution of natural resources affect human life?
Q6. What is resource conservation?
Q7. Name some natural resources.
Q8. What is sustainable development?
Q9. What is the natural resource curse?
Q10. What is utility?
Q.11. What makes a substance a resource?
Q.12. What are renewable resources?
Q.13. What is Vrikshayurveda, and how does it promote sustainable resource use?
Q.14. What is technology?
Q.15. What are natural resources?

You can find Worksheet Solutions here: Worksheet Solutions: Natural Resources and Their Use